Dual Polarized Antenna

DUAL POLARIZED ANTENNA

Antenna is the permanently attached part of wireless communication. Antenna is a transducing element that converts electrical energy to electromagnetic waves energy and vice versa . Antenna is used both for transmitting and receiving the electromagnetic waves.

What is dual polarized antenna?

Dual polarized antenna can be understood in one simple sentence , but here I will tell few thing things about polarization so that I can write the dual polarized antenna in one simple sentence.

Consider a 3D coordinate system X,Yand Z,

X axis is the direction perpendicular (Vertical) to the surface of the earth .

Y axis is the direction parallel (Horizontal) to the surface of the earth.

Z axis is the direction of wave propagation, perpendicular to both X and Y.

HORIZONTAL POLARIZATION :  The electromagnetic wave propagating in Z direction with electric field vector only in Y axis.

VERTICAL POLARIZATION :  The electromagnetic wave propagating in Z direction with electric field vector only in X axis.

Horizontal polarization and vertical polarization comes under the category of LINEAR POLARIZATION , Electric vector only in one direction

ELLIPTICAL POLARIZATION :  The electric vector of wave rotates as a function of time . Elliptically polarized wave is considered as the resultant of two linearly polarized wave(one horizontal polarized and another vertical polarized) of same frequency with different electric field intensity , And the wave seems to progress in z direction with elliptical rotation in X and Y axis.

CIRCULAR POLARIZATION :  Circular polarization is a special case of elliptical polarization where intensity of electric field component in X and Y axis are equal.

DUAL POLARIZED ANTENNA : Dual polarized antenna is combination of two antennas with one antenna at vertical polarization and another at horizontal polarization .
DUAL POLARIZED ANTENNA is used in MIMO technology.